How to execute Ad-Hoc Commands in ansible
Ad-Hoc Commands
Ad-Hoc commands are quick commands which are used to perform actions, that won’t be saved for later.
Ad-Hoc in Latin means something done for a very precise and particular purpose. As the word suggests, ansible ad hoc commands are written for a very particular task
Parallelism & Shell Commands
#To set up SSH agent $ ssh-agent bash $ ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa #To use SSH with a password instead of keys, you can use --ask-pass (-K) $ ansible europe -a "/sbin/reboot" -f 20 #To run /usr/bin/ansible from a user account, not the root $ ansible europe -a "/usr/bin/foo" -u username #To run commands through privilege escalation and not through user account $ ansible europe -a "/usr/bin/foo" -u username --become [--ask-become-pass] #If you are using password less method then use --ask-become-pass (-K) to interactively get the password to be use #You can become a user, other than root by using --become-user $ ansible europe -a "/usr/bin/foo" -u username --become --become-user otheruser [--ask-become-pass]
File Transfer
#Transfer a file directly to many servers $ ansible europe -m copy -a "src=/etc/hosts dest=/tmp/hosts" #To change the ownership and permissions on files $ ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/srv/foo/a.txt mode=600" $ ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/srv/foo/b.txt mode=600 owner=example group=example" #To create directories $ ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/path/to/c mode=755 owner=example group=example state=directory“ #To delete directories (recursively) and delete files $ ansible webservers -m file -a "dest=/path/to/c state=absent
Manage Packages
#To ensure that a package is installed, but doesn’t get updated $ ansible webservers -m apt -a "name=acme state=present" #To ensure that a package is installed to a specific version $ ansible webservers -m apt -a "name=acme-1.5 state=present" #To ensure that a package at the latest version $ ansible webservers -m apt -a "name=acme state=latest" #To ensure that a package is not installed $ ansible webservers -m apt -a "name=acme state=absent
Manage Services
#To ensure a service is started on all web servers $ ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=started" #To restart a service on all web servers $ ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=restarted" #To ensure a service is stopped $ ansible webservers -m service -a "name=httpd state=stopped
Deploying From Source Control
#GitRep:https://foo.example.org/repo.git #Destination:/src/myapp $ ansible webservers -m git -a "repo=https://foo.example.org/repo.git dest=/src/myapp version=HEAD"
